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論文名稱: | 高粱與高粱酒糟機能性成份之鑑定及其酚酸對吳郭魚抗寒功效之評估
| Identification of the functional compounds of Sorghum bicolor Lin and evaluation of the anti-cold stress effect of its phenolic acid on tilapia
研究生: | 廖志遠 Chih-Yuan Liao
指導教授: | 孫寶年 Bonnie Sun Pan
學位類別: | 碩士
學校名稱: | 國立臺灣海洋大學
系所名稱: | 食品科學系
學號: | M97320018
畢業學年度: | 98
語文別: | 中文
關鍵字: | 吳郭魚
| 酒糟
| 酚酸
| p-hydroxybenzoic acid
全文點閱次數: | 3
全文影像連結: | | (本論文20130726開放校外瀏覽)
| 論文全文(pdf)

論文頁數: | 100
摘要: | 本研究主要比較高粱與高粱酒糟之成份變化並建立吳郭魚攝食酒糟於低溫下之成長率及酒糟中機能性成份作為抗寒指標功效之評估，確認攝食酒糟後之生理變化，以提升酒糟廢棄物之利用。鑑定酒糟可抗寒之有效成份，目前已利用 HPLC-PDA 鑑定出酚酸類含 gallic acid、3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid、p-hydroxybenzoic acid等成份，異黃酮成分為 daidzin，而 GC-MS 鑑定植物固醇主要含有 -sitosterol trimethylsilyl etherl，脂肪醇萃取液中則發現含有 octacosanol、triacontanol 與 dotriacontanol 等成份。以吳郭魚 (Oreochromis mossambicus) 為動物模式，於高添加量的p-hydroxybenzoic acid 飼料組別 (p-HB-1/2)，顯示具抑制吳郭魚比成長率與提高低溫緊迫之死亡率，但於低添加量p-hydroxybenzoic acid 飼料組別 (p-HB-1/4)，其低溫緊迫死亡率 (25%) 與正控制組 20% SDR-PEG 組別 (18.75%) 差異不大，初步確定酒糟抗寒之效果與功效成份可能為 p-hydroxybenzoic acid，期開發具抗寒功效之高梁酒糟供飼料用，並以功效成份為抗寒指標，應用於開發供抵抗養殖魚於冬天暴弊之機能性飼料配方及供未來開發魚類耐低溫省能源之養殖系統，降低養殖漁業於冬季維持水溫之燃料費，節省水產養殖業之營運成本。
| To improve the utilization of sorghum distillery residue, which has been a waste product produced at 250 tons per day in Kinmen Kaoliang Liquor Co, this research was mainly designed to compare sorghum and sorghum distillery residue (SDR) after fermentation obtained from two liquor coporation. Tilapia was used an animal modle. They were fed with SDR and then exposed to cold-stress. Assessment of the anti-cold stress effects of SDR functional compounds. In this study, bioactive compounds have been separated and identified. Phenolic acids include gallic acid, 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and some unknown compounds; isoflavones including daidzin and some unknown compounds; phytosterols including -sitosterol trimethylsilyl etherl and some unknown compound; policosanols including hexacosanol, octacosanol and triacontanol, were identified in sorghum and SDR. Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) as an animal model to elucidate the anti-cold compounds of SDR, showed that high level of p-hydroxybenzoic acid inhibited specific growth rate of tilapia, and caused higher mortality in cold stress. The low level of p-hydroxybenzoic acid shows lower mortality (25%) which close to 20% SDR-PEG (18.75%) in cold stress. We expect it can prevent fish mortality during cold stress and as the indicator of anti-cold sress. Not only the fish can grow at lower culture temperature to reduce the cost of fuel consumption in closed-circulation systems as an energy-saving system, but also improve utilization of SDR.
論文目次: | 壹、前言    1
| 貳、文獻回顧    5
| 一、高粱與高粱酒糟    5
| 1. 高粱    5
| 2. 酒糟    5
| 3. 一般成份    6
| 二、高粱之有效成份及其生理活性    7
| 1. 類黃酮 (flavonoids)    7
| 2. 單寧 (tannins)    9
| 3. 酚酸 (phenolic acids)    10
| 4. 花青素 (anthocyanins)    12
| 5. 植物固醇 (phytosterols)    16
| 6. 脂肪醇 (policosanols)    18
| 三、溫度緊迫對吳郭魚生理之影響    20
| 參、實驗架構    23
| 一、成份分析與鑑定    23
| 二、低溫緊迫試驗    23
| 肆、材料與方法    24
| 一、材料    24
| 1. 吳郭魚    24
| 2. 高粱與高粱酒糟    24
| 3. 飼料製備    24
| 二、方法    25
| 1. 一般成份分析    25
| 2. 一般生理指標    26
| 2.1 比成長率 (specific growth rate, SGR)    26
| 2.2 死亡率    26
| 3. 多酚類化合物之定量    26
| 3.1 總酚類含量    26
| 3.2 總花青素    27
| 3.3 總類黃酮    27
| 3.4 單寧    28
| 4. 極性萃取物成份之組成分析    28
| 4.1 酚酸    28
| 4.2 異黃酮    30
| 5. 非極性萃取物成份之組成分析    30
| 5.1 植物固醇    30
| 5.2 脂肪醇    31
| 6. 低溫緊迫試驗    32
| 6.1 非恆溫環境飼養與降溫禁食模式    32
| 6.2 恆溫環境飼養與降溫非禁食模式    33
| 6.3 降低酚酸劑量之恆溫飼養與降溫非禁食模式    33
| 7. 統計分析    34
| 伍、結果    35
| 一、高粱與高粱酒糟之一般成份    35
| 二、高粱與高粱酒糟機能性成份之比較    36
| 1. 總酚類化合物    36
| 2. 總花青素    37
| 3. 總類黃酮    38
| 4. 單寧    39
| 5. 酚酸    41
| 6. 異黃酮    51
| 7. 植物固醇    56
| 8. 脂肪醇    72
| 三、高粱酒糟與添加酚酸之飼料對吳郭魚受緩慢低溫緊迫之影響    74
| 1. 非恆溫環境飼養與降溫禁食模式    74
| 2. 恆溫環境飼養與降溫非禁食模式    77
| 3. 降低酚酸劑量 (恆溫飼養與降溫非禁食模式)    81
| 陸、討論    84
| 高粱酒糟功效與機能性成份之關係    84
| 1. 抗氧化    84
| 2. 抑制溶血    84
| 3. 降血糖    85
| 4. 延緩LDL 氧化遲滯期    86
| 柒、結論    88
| 捌、參考文獻    90
|
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2011 年 10 月 27 日 22:44